The Forensic Power of the Master File Table (MFT)
In the NTFS file system, the Master File Table ($MFT) is the most critical database. It contains a record for every file and directory on a volume, serving as the "map" that the operating system uses to manage data. For a digital forensic investigator, the $MFT is the ultimate source of truth. Vortex MFTPlus is a professional MFT Tool designed to extract and interpret these records, providing a granular view of file activity that is often invisible to standard system utilities.
By parsing the $MFT, Vortex reveals detailed metadata such as the "Standard Information" ($SI) and "File Name" ($FN) attributes. This dual-timestamp system is vital for detecting "timestomping"—a technique used by attackers to forge file creation dates. A professional MFT parser like Vortex can compare these attributes to identify discrepancies that prove a file's history has been tampered with.
$LogFile, $SDS, $ObjID & $I30 Analysis
Vortex MFTPlus recovers raw filesystem sequences and transaction undo-redo operations directly from the $LogFile, providing a forensic bridge between MFT snapshots. This enables investigators to reconstruct the "missing links" in file creation and deletion events.
- $LogFile Analysis: Interrogate raw transaction logs to identify file operations that occurred between MFT updates.
- $I30 Index Root Tool: Parse directory index buffers as an $I30 Index Analyzer to find evidence of file deletion.
- $SDS & $Secure Parser: Dedicated sub-header parsing for Security Descriptors and Access Control Lists (ACLs).
- $ObjID & $Reparse Utility: Track file movement via Object IDs and identify symbolic links or mount points.
Supported NTFS Forensic Artifacts
| Artifact | Forensic Value | Vortex Support |
|---|---|---|
| $MFT Records | Primary file metadata & timestamps | Full Attribute Parsing |
| $LogFile | Transaction logs / Undo-Redo ops | Raw Sequence Recovery |
| $UsnJrnl | Change journal / File history | Real-time Triage |
| $I30 Indices | Directory listing / Deleted names | Index Root Carving |
| $SDS / $Secure | Security & Permission data | ACL Resolution |
Note: For a technical breakdown of NTFS attributes and MFT record structures, visit our MFT Forensic Repository Article.